Personality traits are patterns of thinking, reacting, and behaving that remain pretty much consistent and stable over time. People with a personality disorder display more rigid and maladaptive thinking and reacting behaviors that often disrupt their personal, professional, and social lives.
Personality disorders are divided into three types (or clusters)
Cluster A (odd/eccentric) Examples of Cluster A Personality disorders include:
-Paranoid personality disorder
People with this often seem cold, and distant. They are unable to form close, interpersonal relationships. They are overly and unjustifiably suspicious of their surroundings. They usually cannot see their role in conflict situations and often get angry with others over their feelings of paranoia.
-Schizoid personality disorder
Cold, distant, introverted, and have an intense fear of intimacy and closeness. Often too absorbed in their own thinking and daydreaming that they alienate themselves from attachment with people and reality.
Cluster B (dramatic/erratic) Examples of Cluster B Personality disorders include:
-Borderline personality disorder
Present instability in their perceptions of themselves, and have difficulty maintaining stable relationships. Moods may be inconsistent, but never neutral. Their sense of reality is always seen in "black and white." Often feel as though they lacked a certain level of nurturing while growing up and, as a result, incessantly seek a higher level of care taking from others as adults. They may achieve this through manipulation of others, leaving them often feeling empty, angry, and abandoned, which may lead to desperate and impulsive behavior.
-Antisocial personality disorder
Disregard the feelings, property, authority, and respect of others, for their own personal gain. This may include violent or aggressive acts involving or targeting other people. Afterwards, they do not feel a sense or remorse or guilt for any of their destructive actions.
-Narcissistic personality disorder
Have severely overly inflated feelings of self-worth, and superiority over others. Often make fun of or pick on people who do not admire them, and are overly sensitive to criticism, judgment, and being defeated.
Cluster C (anxious/inhibited) Examples of Cluster C Personality disorders include:
-Dependent personality disorder
Rely heavily on others for validation and fulfillment of basic needs. Often unable to properly care for themselves, they lack self-confidence and security, and are very bad at making decisions.
-Avoidant personality disorder
Persons with this disorder are hypersensitive to rejection and because of this, they avoid situations with any potential for conflict. They later become disturbed by their own social isolation, withdrawal, and inability to form close, interpersonal relationships.
-Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
Inflexible to change, and bothered when their routine is disturbed because of their obsession for order. Because of this, they experience anxiety and have trouble completing tasks and making decisions. Often become uncomfortable in situations that are beyond their control and have difficulty maintaining positive, healthy interpersonal relationships.